01.造船厂历史
History
Hunters Point Naval Shipyard位于旧金山市东南部的半岛上，该半岛延伸到旧金山湾，于1869年以商业干码头设施开始运营。
The federal government purchased the shipyard in 1939 and leased it to Bethlehem Steel Company. In 1941, the Navy took over the site in the days surrounding the attack on Pearl Harbor. From 1945 to 1974, the shipyard acted primarily as a repair facility. However, in 1946, as part of Operation Crossroads, Hunters Point Naval Shipyard was charged with decontaminating ships used for offshore atomic weapon testing. The shipyard also housed the Naval Radiological Defense Laboratory from 1948 – 1969.
Hunters Point海军造船厂于1974年关闭。1976年，一名私人船维修承包商租用了院子，并开始将建筑物转运给包括几位艺术家在内的平民。1985年，这座城市和海军宣布了计划重建基地，并在亨特角（Hunters Point）的密苏里州号和其他海军船只进行重建。1989年，密苏里号号航空园被取消，造船厂被宣布为超级基金网站。In 1991, it was identified for Base Realignment and Closure. Existing tenants were allowed to stay.
如今，这家造船厂在环境清理和多相重建计划中挣扎时面临越来越多的争议。
猎人点海军造船厂历史
- 其他名称：HPNS, Hunters Point Shipyard, HPS, HPNSY, The San Francisco Shipyard
- 地点：旧金山市东南部的半岛，该半岛延伸到旧金山湾
- 拥有者）：伯利恒钢铁有限公司;联邦政府也(对pied by the Naval Radiological Defense Laboratory); Office of the Supervisor of Shipbuilding, Conversion, and Repair in San Francisco; the City of San Francisco
- 运营年：1869 - 1974
- 战时操作：第二次世界大战（第二次世界大战）和朝鲜战争
- Number of Employees:第二次世界大战结束时18,000
- Size of Shipyard:866英亩（水下446英亩）
- Noteworthy Ships:USS独立，蓝色
- 建造/维修的船只类型：战舰，航空母舰，潜艇，货船
Many workers at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard were potentially exposed to asbestos. Workers’ loved ones may have also experiencedsecondhand exposure。结果，许多人患有与石棉有关的疾病，例如石棉病，，，，asbestos lung cancer，，，，andpleuralandperitoneal mesothelioma。People who developed an asbestos-related disease may be有资格获得赔偿。
著名的船只建造和修理
在其运营过程中，猎人角海军造船厂的工人为战时努力建造了许多船只。在这里建造或维修战舰，巡洋舰和其他类型的船只。在海军院子建造的船只在第二次世界大战和朝鲜战争中起着重要作用。
在这些船只建造时，石棉被大量用于建筑材料。结果，造船厂工人和军事人员冒着在海军造船厂接触的风险。
USS Independence
USS独立性于1943年加入了太平洋舰队，这是建立在改建后的巡洋舰船体上的新型运营商中的第一款。她参加了对Rabaul，Tarawa，Luzon和冲绳的袭击。最值得注意的是，USS独立性是在莱特湾战役中沉没的运营商集团的一部分。
She was later used as a target during the Operation Crossroads atomic testing. Assigned as a target vessel for the Bikini atomic bomb tests, she was placed within one-half mile of ground zero for the July 1, 1946 explosion (Test Able). The ship did not sink, however, and after taking part in another explosion on July 25 (Test Baker), was taken to Kwajalein and decommissioned on August 28, 1946. The highly radioactive hulk was later taken to Pearl Harbor and San Francisco for further tests and was finally sunk in weapons tests off the coast of California on January 29, 1951.
While the USS Independence had a short life compared to other carriers of her time, the asbestos used in the materials to build her put many lives at risk of developing asbestos-related diseases like mesothelioma. This included the lives of insulators, laggers, electricians, plumbers and pipefitters
蓝色
The destroyer USS Blue was launched in November 1943 by Bethlehem Steel Company, Staten Island, NY. She was very active in WWII as part of the Pacific Fleet in 1944 and 1945. After her service in WWII, she spent time in the Puget Sound Navy Yard for a complete overhaul in late 1945 and early 1946. USS Blue spent much of the next year engaged in tactical and hunter-killer anti-submarine warfare exercises and performed patrol duty. She returned to the United States early in 1947 and was placed out of commission in reserve at San Diego.
After undergoing an overhaul at San Francisco Naval Shipyard (Hunters Point Naval Shipyard), USS Blue returned to the Pacific Reserve Fleet and was once again decommissioned in San Diego in 1949. She was recommissioned again in 1950 and served in the Korean War. During her service of that war, USS Blue spent time at San Francisco Naval Shipyard for overhaul. Since that time, USS Blue carried out the normal operating routine of the Pacific Fleet destroyers. She conducted several tours of the Far East. During the intervals between these cruises, she conducted local operations and type training along the west coast until she was decommissioned in 1971 and sunk off of the California coast.
号蓝色是活跃在船厂的时候rkers and crewmembers were at great risk of asbestos exposure. This high-risk exposure put them in danger of developing asbestos-related diseases such as mesothelioma.
02.造船厂石棉使用
石棉在猎人角海军造船厂
石棉是一种耐用的矿物质，对热具有高度抗性。由于这些特性，shipbuilders often used asbestosduring the construction process. Products containing asbestos helped control the release of heat and were fire-resistant. Such products were desirable on ships.
猎人点海军造船厂actively operated as part of the Navy from 1941 to 1974. Asbestos was commonly used during this time. Asbestos was used throughout Hunters Point Naval Shipyard. The dangerous mineral was often present in boilers, incinerators, insulating materials and other elements of ships. This put those in various shipyard occupations at risk of developingasbestos-related diseases。
石棉Exposure at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard
美国军事和平民的成员在造船厂和船上提供劳动。石棉用于大多数造船厂，包括猎人角海军造船厂，以及从1930年代到1980年代的大多数船只。这种可能的暴露是海军veteransat an increased risk ofmalignant mesothelioma cancer。
在此期间建造或维护战舰，潜艇，航空公司和货船的人很可能很可能暴露于石棉。These people often worked in space-constrained and poorly-ventilated areas, which possibly allowed more asbestos fibers to remain in the work areas. For example, steamfitters faced asbestos exposure.
从1980年代开始，大多数新生产的产品不含石棉。但是，任何继续在航运业工作的人都冒着接触石棉的风险。这种暴露可能通过遗产石棉材料发生。许多造船厂职责，包括隔离船，维护锅炉和安装管道，使人们暴露于石棉。
03.石棉诉讼
石棉诉讼和定居点
Anyone who spent time at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard and developed asbestos cancer or another asbestos-related disease has potential补偿选择。The companies who manufactured the products that exposed these people to asbestos can be held responsible.
How an individual can be compensated depends on the status of the负责公司。A mesothelioma lawyer can help the victim secure compensation through a lawsuit, settlement, VA claim and/or trust fund claim (or a combination of these options).
持有石棉公司负责
Some companies that wrongfully exposed workers to asbestos are still viable. In other words, they have not filed for bankruptcy. This means individuals can file lawsuits against such companies, which may result in a万博专业版间皮瘤定居点or verdict.
Uniroyal Holding, Inc. manufactured asbestos-containing products, including insulation, that was used at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard. People who worked with these products were wrongfully exposed to asbestos.
Another example of a viable company is Crown, Cork & Seal. Crown, Cork & Seal bought Mundet, a firm that made cork bottle caps and insulation that contained asbestos, in 1963. This insulation was used in shipyards and exposed workers and crew to asbestos-related diseases such as mesothelioma.
Several victims have filed successfullawsuitsagainst these asbestos companies.
04.提交石棉索赔
石棉公司信托
自2000年代以来，将许多人暴露于石棉和处理相关索赔后，已有100多家公司申请破产。作为他们破产申请的一部分，其中许多asbestos companies创建信任资金补偿石棉疾病的当前和未来受害者。
Many Navy veterans, shipyard workers and others have developed asbestos-related illnesses after在工作中的石棉暴露。Victims can seek compensation by filing a claim against the responsible asbestos manufacturer’s trust fund.
石棉公司信托基金和合格的就业年限
以下公司为Hunters Point海军造船厂提供了石棉产品。在面临许多石棉诉讼并使无辜者接触石棉之后，这些公司申请破产，并建立了向受害者支付受害者的信托。如果一个人在猎人角海军造船厂工作并发展了一种疾病，例如间皮瘤，他们也许可以对这些公司的信托提出索赔。万博专业版
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| 石棉公司名称 | Eligibility Start Date | Eligibility End Date |
| 阿姆斯特朗WI信托 | 1973年1月1日 | 1982年12月31日 |
| Babcock and Wilcox | 1913年3月1日 | 1982年12月31日 |
| Fibreboard | 1943年1月1日 | 1982年12月31日 |
| Flexitallic | 1/1/1963 | 1982年12月31日 |
| Keene Corp. | 1943年1月1日 | 1982年12月31日 |
| Narco | 1/1/1963 | 3/31/1964 |
| 欧文斯·康宁 | 1944年1月1日 | 1982年12月31日 |
| Pittsburgh Corning | 1962年7月1日 | 1982年12月31日 |
| 植物绝缘 | 1948年1月1日 | 1974年12月31日 |
| 西部麦克阿瑟 | 1944年1月1日 | 1982年12月31日 |
