01. Overview
什么是腹膜间皮瘤？万博专业版
腹膜mesothelioma is a form of cancercaused by asbestos。Whenasbestos fibersare ingested or inhaled, they can become embedded in the lining of the abdomen. Research suggests the fibers reach the abdominal lining through the digestive or lymphatic systems.
- 腹膜间皮瘤是第二种最常万博专业版见的形式mesothelioma cancer, accounting for about 15 – 20% of all diagnoses.
- 每年大约有500人被诊断为disease.
- Common symptoms include abdominal pain and swelling, weight loss and fluid buildup in the abdominal cavity.
- Diagnosis consists of a series of tests, including imaging tests, blood tests and biopsies.
- 腹膜间皮瘤接受手术，加万博专业版热的化疗和immunotherapy。
- 腹膜间皮瘤预测可能因个万博专业版人的情况而有所不同，预期寿命范围从两到六年。
02.预后
What Is the Prognosis for Peritoneal Mesothelioma?
Thelife expectancy for peritoneal malignant mesotheliomacancer is more favorable than other types of malignant mesothelioma.
腹膜间皮瘤预测可能因个万博专业版人的情况而有所不同，预期寿命范围从两到六年。更多患者幸存五年或更长时间治疗进步。
| Survival of Peritoneal Mesothelioma Patients Treated With CRS + HIPEC | |
|---|---|
| 1-year survival | 86% |
| 2-year survival | 77% |
| 3-year survival | 59％ |
| 5-year survival | 59％ |
Several factors can influence an individual patient’s prognosis, including:
- 细胞类型(histopathology)
- 肿瘤大小和万博专业版间皮瘤阶段
- Gender and age of the patient
Epithelioid cell typeis most common in peritoneal mesothelioma. It is slower to metastasize (spread) and responds more favorably to treatment, with a median life expectancy of 54 months.
A small percentage of peritoneal malignant mesothelioma patients are diagnosed withSarcomaToid细胞类型。This type can metastasize quickly and does not respond well to treatment. Peritoneal mesothelioma patients diagnosed with this cell type have an average survival of 4.6 months.
03. Symptoms
What Are the Symptoms of Peritoneal Mesothelioma?
腹膜mesothelioma symptomscan take 10 – 50 years to appear after an individual inhales or ingests asbestos fibers. The fibers become lodged in the peritoneum, the lining of the abdomen, which leads to irritation and scar-tissue buildup. These damaged cells can develop into tumors and cause symptoms.
对于大多数患者，早期腹膜间皮瘤症状通常存在于腹部或胃肠系统中。万博专业版患者还可能会体验系统性症状，例如减肥，这可以进一步复杂化诊断。
Resources for Peritoneal Mesothelioma Patients
04.诊断
How Is Peritoneal Mesothelioma Diagnosed?
A peritonealmesothelioma diagnosis包括一系列测试。诊断通常从成像测试开始，如CT扫描和X射线。这些测试可以排除更多常见的疾病和其他形式的癌症，如腺癌和卵巢癌。
If a tumor is detected through imaging tests, a doctor will orderblood tests to identify biomarkersthat can further differentiate mesothelioma from other cancers.
Biopsiesare the only way to confirm a peritoneal mesothelioma diagnosis. A doctor will take a fluid or tissue sample to confirm the cancer. The biopsy can also identify cell type andmesothelioma progression。
05.阶段
腹膜Mesothelioma Stages
在诊断腹膜间皮瘤时，医生也将确定万博专业版癌症。虽然没有明确定义的腹膜恶性间皮瘤的分期系统，但医生可以确定疾病的进步与相关标准。万博专业版例如，医生可以识别癌症是否已向其他器官或淋巴结转移。
In some cases, doctors may also rely on a tool called the Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI), developed for abdominal cancers. With this method, the abdominal region is split into 13 distinct sections and scored on a scale of 0 – 3 based on the presence and size of tumors.
然后将13个部分完整为整体PCI评分，39个是最高的。医生建议腹膜间皮瘤阶段相当于分数。万博专业版更高的PCI分数表示更多高级阶段of abdominal mesothelioma.
06. Doctors
腹膜Mesothelioma Doctors
Finding aqualified mesothelioma doctoris one of the most important decisions someone diagnosed with peritoneal mesothelioma can make. Many of the best doctors work in dedicated cancer clinics across the country. Some of those doctors also conduct clinical trials to study new therapies and methods of treating and diagnosing mesothelioma.
顶级腹膜间皮瘤医生在该国万博专业版
07. Treatment
腹膜Mesothelioma Treatment
腹膜mesothelioma is often treated with a multimodal approach, which combines conventional treatments likesurgery,chemotherapy和radiation therapy。
Traditional chemotherapy and radiation therapy have shown limited success in peritoneal mesothelioma patients, with many clinical trials showing a median survival time of one year. However, some studies indicate success when using chemotherapy during surgery to treat peritoneal mesothelioma.
For patients with advanced stage peritoneal malignant mesothelioma, standard treatments may be used as palliative care. Palliative treatments are used to improve quality of life and extend life expectancy.
Minimally invasive procedures, likeparacentesis, are often used palliatively. This procedure removes buildup of fluid and relieves symptoms associated with peritoneal malignant mesothelioma.
临床试验持续测试腹膜间皮瘤的新治疗方法。万博专业版新兴的治疗选择包括加压腹膜气溶胶化疗（PIPAC），化疗以加压形式涂覆。用PIPAC治疗阶万博专业版段的阶段是早期阶段，需要进一步测试。然而，治疗已经显示了大约27个月的中位预期寿命。
After a 26-year career in the HVAC industry, Jim Dykstra was diagnosed with peritoneal mesothelioma. Jim underwent cytoreductive surgery followed by HIPEC. After he recovered, he underwent multiple rounds of chemotherapy and radiation therapy to control the growth of his tumors. Though he is still battling malignant peritoneal mesothelioma, he is a survivor of more than five years.
Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC)
For eligible patients, a combination treatment of debulking surgery combined with heated chemotherapy is becoming a standard of care. The heated chemotherapy, known as高温腹膜内化疗(HIPEC), is applied to the abdomen during surgery.
医生在高度期之前表演又称细胞功能性手术的手术，以去除被间皮瘤细胞损坏的可见肿瘤和组织。万博专业版这可能包括去除腹部衬里或其他器官以尽可能多地去除肿瘤。
HIPEC是then applied throughout the abdominal cavity to kill any remaining cancer cells. The heated chemotherapy is applied at 104°F – 109°F and consists of a stronger dosage than traditional chemotherapy.
临床试验have shown the effectiveness of the treatment, with life expectancy ranging from 53 to 92 months. Data suggests approximately 65% of patients survive five years or longer.
因为高度是专业的治疗，所以它可以在选择癌症中心提供。患者还应该了解治疗成本，因为它们使治疗决定。最近的估计显示，HIPEC的手术平均每40,000美元。
08.常见问题
Common Questions About Peritoneal Mesothelioma
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Is peritoneal mesothelioma curable?
- There is no cure for peritoneal mesothelioma. There aretreatment optionsavailable that may improve life expectancy.
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How long do peritoneal mesothelioma patients live?
- 腹膜间皮瘤患者有一个万博专业版life expectancyof two to six years depending on stage at diagnosis.
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腹膜间皮瘤的症状是什么？万博专业版
- Some common symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma are abdominal pain, abdominal swelling, weight loss, fever, fluid in peritoneal cavity, intestinal obstruction, night sweats and hypercoagulability.
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Can peritoneal mesothelioma spread to the lungs?
- Yes, peritoneal mesothelioma can spread to the lungs. This process is calledmetastasis。
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How is peritoneal mesothelioma diagnosed?
- A biopsy is the only way to definitively diagnose malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. Otherdiagnostic testslike imaging scans and blood tests may be used to confirm the tumors.
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What causes peritoneal mesothelioma?
- 腹膜间皮瘤是造成的万博专业版ingesting asbestos fibers。
