01. Shipyard History
History
前河造船厂位于Quincy, Massachusetts, between 1883 and 1980. Fore River Shipyard was started by Thomas Watson, who began work building marine engines before opening the shipyard.
前河造船厂built a wide range of ships, including the first submarine that was officially commissioned by the U.S. Navy. In the early 1900s, the yard also contracted with the Imperial Japanese Navy. Bethlehem Steel bought the shipyard in 1913. During World War I (WWI), the shipyard builtsubmarines,merchant ships和destroyers。During World War II (WWII), with 32,000 employees, the shipyard produceddestroyer escorts, landing ships and 71 destroyers.
General Dynamics bought Fore River Shipyard in 1964 and built naval support vessels, civilian merchant ships and nuclear submarines. That work was eventually moved over to its sister shipyard, Electric Boat in Connecticut. In 1980, with an oversaturation of shipyards in the U.S., Fore River Shipyard closed.
前河造船厂现在是美国海军造船博物馆和塞勒姆号航空母舰的所在地。
前河造船厂历史
- Other Names:通用动力公司,伯利恒钢铁公司薪酬any, Bethlehem Fore River
- Location:Quincy, Massachusetts
- Owner(s):Quincy Shipbuilding Division of General Dynamics Corporation, Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Ltd. and Thomas Watson’s Fore River Ship & Engine Company
- Years of Operation:1883 – 1980
- Wartime Operations:Russo-Japanese War, World War I (WWI), World War II (WWII) and the Cold War
- Number of Employees:32,000 in 1943
- Size of Shipyard:180英亩
- 值得注意的船：USS Hancock, USS Bunker Hill, USS Wasp, USS Gato, USS Lawrence Y. Spear, USS Dixon, USS Kansas City, USS Savannah, USS Portland, USS Pensacola, USS Fort Fisher, USS Kalamazoo, USS Salem, USS Bainbridge
- 不teworthy Personnel:托马斯·沃森（Thomas A. Watson），弗兰克·惠灵顿（Frank O.
- Types of Ships Built/Serviced:Protected cruisers, torpedo boat destroyers, lightships, battleships, schooners, scout cruisers, freighters, submarines, freight steamers, passenger steamers, fishing trawlers, colliers, tugs, steam yachts, barges, lighters, tankers, car floats, destroyers, battleship-cruisers, scout cruisers, aircraft carriers, ferries, cruisers, cutters, guided missile cruisers, nuclear-frigates, ammunition ships, fleet replenishment oilers, dock landing ships, helicopter landing-ships
Many workers at Fore River Shipyard were potentially exposed to asbestos. Workers’ loved ones may have also experienced二手曝光。As a result, many people developed asbestos-related diseases, such asasbestosis,asbestos lung cancer， 和pleural和peritoneal mesothelioma。People who developed an asbestos-related disease may beeligible for compensation。
不table Ships Built and Repaired
前河造船厂produced hundreds of ships over its lifetime. Ships were built for the military and commercial clients. Two notable ships that were built for the U.S. Navy were the submarine tender, USS Lawrence Y. Spear, and the aircraft carrier, USS Hancock.
USS Lawrence Y. Spear
The submarine tender USS Lawrence Y. Spear was laid down at Fore River Shipyard in 1996. Throughout her history, USS Lawrence Y. Spear received many awards and accolades, but she is most famous for being one of the first ships to have women assigned as crew members. This historic event first took place in October 1978. In 1980, she was also the first ship to initiate women as Shellbacks as they crossed the equator.
USS Lawrence Y. Spear provided support for the Iran hostage crisis in 1980 and Operation Desert Storm in 1991. One of her last missions before being decommissioned in 1996 was support for the recovery and salvage of TWA Flight 800.
USS Lawrence Y. Spear was built and active during a time when it was common for asbestos to be used in shipbuilding and repair. Anyone working or serving on the ship may be at risk of developing asbestos-related diseases such as mesothelioma.
USS Hancock
USS Hancock was an aircraft carrier laid down at Fore River Shipyard in 1943. She fought against Japan in WWII in 1944 and 1945. She was involved in numerous attacks causing massive destruction to enemy territory. During these attacks, she was hit by several suicide planes causing multiple fires on board, as well as many causalities.
In 1946, she was decommissioned and entered the reserve fleet at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard.
After conversion and modernization, USS Hancock was recommissioned in 1954, decommissioned in 1956 for additional conversions and recommissioned that same year. She participated in the Vietnam War throughout several deployments beginning in 1965 through 1975. She was decommissioned in 1976.
For her entire lifespan, many materials used to build, repair and modernize the USS Hancock contained asbestos. This asbestos put her workers and crew members at risk of developing mesothelioma.
02. Shipyard Asbestos Use
石棉在Fore River造船厂使用
石棉is a durable mineral that is highly resistant to heat. Due to these properties,造船厂经常使用石棉在施工过程中。含有石棉的产品有助于控制热量的释放，并具有耐火性。此类产品在船上是可取的。
前河船厂积极经营从1883年到1980. Asbestos was commonly used during many of these decades. Asbestos was used throughout Fore River Shipyard. The dangerous mineral was often present in boilers, incinerators, insulating materials and other elements of ships. This put those in various shipyard occupations at risk of developing石棉相关疾病。
石棉暴露at Fore River Shipyard
前河造船厂bustled with the activity of private citizens and military personnel. With the amount of asbestos in shipyards and ships,U.S. Navy veteransfaced frequent exposure. Civilian workers and visitors also faced asbestos exposure risk. Before the 1980s, any shipyard visitor faced potentialasbestos exposure以及发展的风险恶性间皮瘤癌万博专业版。
Maintenance workers on warships, steamers, aircraft carriers, submarine tenders and other ships faced the same risks. Poor ventilation on ships combined with pervasive asbestos use made exposure common. For example, plumbers and pipefitters were exposed through the normal duties of their jobs.
石棉use all but stopped before the 1980s. However, people can still beexposed at shipyardswhen working on ships maintained or built pre-1980. Various shipyard duties, including sanding or sawing pipes for installation, exposed workers to asbestos.
03. Asbestos Lawsuits
石棉Lawsuits and Settlements
Shipyard workers, veterans and visitors of Fore River Shipyard are at risk of developing mesothelioma, asbestos cancer or another asbestos illness. Those diagnosed have several claim options to receive经济补偿。
石棉 - 疾病受害者可以从负责的公司因为他们的曝光。个人的索赔选项会因每个公司的当前状态而有所不同。受害者可以与间皮瘤律师合作讨论他们的选择，并通过万博专业版诉讼，和解，信托基金和/或VA索赔（或这些类型的索赔组合）获得赔偿。
Holding Asbestos Companies Responsible
Various companies that used to manufacture asbestos products have not filed for bankruptcy. Individuals can file诉讼against such companies. Asbestos lawsuits can provide victims compensation through verdicts or定居点。
For example,Westinghouse Electric Corporation, which purchased the television network CBS Inc. in 1995, became the leading supplier of reactors for U.S. submarines in the 1940s. The company also made radar and other electrical systems used in submarines. Asbestos was likely used in the creation of these products, putting Navy service members at risk of asbestos-related diseases.
IMO Industries（以前是IMO Delaval）在生产涡轮机，压缩机，泵和运动控制设备方面拥有悠久的历史。他们的许多产品含有石棉，在Fore River造船厂盛行。这些产品的石棉暴露使人们有患间皮瘤的风险。万博专业版
Some of these victims have filed successful lawsuits against the companies.
04.提交石棉索赔
石棉Company Trusts
After exposing unknowing people to asbestos, many companies have filed for bankruptcy. In fact, more than 100asbestos companies自2000年代以来，已经破产了。由于他们的备案，其中许多公司被迫创建信任补偿间皮瘤和其他石棉有关疾病的受害者。万博专业版
Many Navy and civilian personnel were通过他们的工作暴露于石棉在造船厂。这些人使用了各种石棉产品。如果造船厂工人患有与石棉有关的疾病，则该人可以向该产品制造商的信托提出索赔。
石棉Company Trust Funds and Eligible Years of Employment
以下公司为Fore River造船厂提供了石棉产品。在面临许多石棉诉讼并使无辜者接触石棉之后，这些公司申请破产，并建立了向受害者支付受害者的信托。如果一个人在Fore River造船厂工作并发展了一种疾病，例如间皮瘤，他们也许可以对这些公司的信托提出索赔。万博专业版
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| 石棉公司名称 | 资格开始日期 | 资格结束日期 |
| A.P. Green | 1/1/1942 | 1/2/1968 |
| Babcock and Wilcox | 1/1/1942 | 12/31/1982 |
| Combustion Engineering | 1/1/1940 | 12/31/1982 |
| Fibreboard | 1/1/1940 | 12/31/1982 |
| flintkote | 1/1/1970 | 12/31/1982 |
| 哈里伯顿 | 1/1/1936 | 12/31/1982 |
| Keene Corporation | 1/1/1951 | 12/31/1982 |
| Owens Corning | 1/1/1940 | 12/31/1982 |
| Pittsburgh Corning | 1/1/1969 | 12/31/1982 |
| United States Gypsum | 1/1/1942 | 12/31/1982 |
