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Mesothelioma pleurocentesis is a minimally invasive procedure that removes fluid buildup in the lungs. The procedure is also known as thoracentesis. It can alleviate some pleural mesothelioma symptoms, such as shortness of breath. Pleurocentesis may be performed as an outpatient procedure.


01.定义

什么是胸膜穿刺术?

胸膜穿刺术is commonly known as thoracentesis. Pleurocentesis is a minimally invasive procedure that removes fluid from the pleural space. The pleural space (pleural cavity) is the space between the two layers of the pleura. The pleura is the double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs.

胸膜空间通常容纳少量的胸腔液。胸膜流体使肺部可以平稳膨胀和收缩。但是,疾病或疾病可以增加胸膜液的量,从而产生一种称为胸腔积液

胸膜l effusion can compress the lung, causing uncomfortable symptoms. Pleurocentesis drains the excess fluid responsible for causing such symptoms.

Note:胸腔积液和肺水肿不同。在肺水肿中,液体在肺部内聚集。在胸腔积液中,液体在覆盖肺部的膜层之间收集。

02.间皮瘤的胸膜穿刺术万博专业版

胸膜穿刺术如何治疗间皮瘤症状?万博专业版

胸膜穿刺术治疗一个常见mesothelioma symptom: pleural effusion.

Asbestos exposure原因malignant pleural mesothelioma(mpm)。MPM会导致过量的流体在胸膜空间中收集。这种液体可能会占据通常被肺部占据的空间。这可能使肺部很难扩张和收缩。Mesothelioma patients随着胸腔积液,通常会呼吸困难。

胸膜穿刺术一种ddresses this issue by removing the excess fluid in the pleural space. The procedure provides temporary relief of pleural effusion symptoms. However, pleural effusion may recur in some patients.

In cases of recurrent pleural effusion,mesothelioma doctors可以推荐胸膜固定术。胸膜统治使胸膜空间崩溃,以防止液体积聚。

03. Procedure

胸膜穿刺过程

Doctors may administer pleurocentesis as an outpatient or inpatient procedure. The choice between outpatient and inpatient depends on the individual patient and their unique situation.

胸膜穿刺术usually takes 10 to 15 minutes. However, the procedure may take longer if there is a lot of fluid in the pleural space.

在胸膜穿刺术(胸腔真实性)期间可以去除多少液体?

胸膜穿刺过程中去除的液体量因患者而异。在某些情况下,该过程可能会从胸膜空间中除去三升流体或更多液体。

该过程可能包括以下步骤:

  1. 在手术过程中,患者可能需要氧气。如果是这样,患者可能会收到鼻管或氧气面膜。
  2. 医疗保健提供者将识别针对针头的皮肤区域。
  3. A provider will clean the skin with an antimicrobial fluid.
  4. 医疗保健提供者将向皮肤涂抹无菌麻木药物。
  5. 治疗团队将等待皮肤发麻。这意味着胸膜穿刺术不应引起太大的疼痛(如果有)。
  6. A health care provider will use a hollow needle to access the pleural space. The patient may feel some pressure where the needle enters the skin.
  7. 根据流体的量,提供商将使用注射器或管子排出流体。
  8. If necessary, a health care provider will replace the needle with a flexible tube (catheter) that stays in place. This will allow fluid to drain for a day or two.
  9. 一旦足够的液体排出,医疗保健提供者将去除针和/或管。这种液体可能会发送生物标志物分析
  10. The physician may also order成像测试such as a chest X-ray or CT scan. These tests will check for complications from the procedure.

胸膜穿刺式恢复

在手术过程中并直接遵循该过程,护理团队将监测患者的生命力。这包括血压,心率和呼吸。一旦医生清除了他们离开,病人就可以返回家乡。

病人需要​​有人开车回家。根据患者的职业,他们可能还需要一两天下班才能康复。

治疗医师将提供有关胸膜穿刺术后体育活动限制的指南。护理团队还将提供潜在的严重副作用清单。这些可能包括高烧,胸痛和呕吐。

手术后的几周内,胸膜穿刺术患者应在几周内与医生联系。

04.副作用

胸膜穿刺式副作用和风险

According to experts, pleurocentesis is generally safe. It is uncommon for major complications to arise due to pleurocentesis. However, some patients do experience side effects during or after surgery.

胸膜穿刺术的可能副作用

  • Air in the pleural space
  • Bleeding
  • 塌陷的肺(气胸)
  • 咳嗽
  • Fainting
  • 感染
  • 疼痛或不适
  • 很少有癌症播种/转移(沿切口部位其他地方扩散的癌细胞)
  • 很少对肝脏或脾脏受伤

根据医学文献,某些患者可能会增加胸膜肠并发症的风险。例如,一项研究发现体重不足患者的肺塌陷风险较高(气胸)。体重不足意味着低于18 kg/m2的体重指数(BMI)。对于5'4英寸的人来说,这大致相当于重量小于104磅。

在另一项研究中,需要多个针杆的程序具有更高的气胸速率。

医师因素也可能影响胸膜易生解性副作用的风险。使用超声指导针头的副作用较少。在一项胸膜穿刺研究中,超声波将气胸的风险降低了19%。超声检查还降低了平均治疗成本和住院时间。

05.好处

胸膜穿刺术的好处和优势

胸膜穿刺术can provide several benefits, including symptom relief. The following benefits have been reported for pleurocentesis:

  • 医生可以将胸膜穿刺术作为palliative treatment
  • 如有必要,患者可以重复穿刺色。
  • 胸膜穿刺后,患者的呼吸困难(呼吸困难)降低。
  • 胸膜穿刺术improves mental and physical quality of life for pleural effusion patients.

在一项研究中,30%的胸膜穿刺术患者在治疗后的15天内会复发胸腔积液。因此,胸膜穿刺术的可重复性很重要。

If recurrent pleural effusion becomes particularly bothersome, a doctor may recommend胸膜固定术。Pleurodesis may provide longer-term treatment of pleural effusion.

胸膜穿刺术后,患者也可以考虑额外treatment options。例如,患有可手术疾病的胸膜间皮瘤患者可能会发万博专业版生pleurectomy/decortication (P/D)。这个surgical treatment旨在通过去除胸膜来清除癌细胞。在此过程中,P/D也可以防止胸腔积液复发。

06. Eligibility

胸膜穿刺术Eligibility

胸膜穿刺术的资格取决于几个因素,包括患者的整体健康状况。它可能适合大多数胸膜间皮瘤患者。万博专业版

但是,某些因素可能会使胸膜穿刺术不适合个人。这些因素包括:

  • 主动感染
  • 某些出血条件
  • Unusual chest wall anatomy

A patient’s eligibility for pleurocentesis is best determined by a mesothelioma specialist. A mesothelioma doctor can explain an individual’s eligibility for pleurocentesis and other treatment options. They can develop a personalized treatment plan for the patient’s unique needs.

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