间皮瘤的血液测试可以表现出比其他万博专业版测试更早检测到间皮瘤的血液标志物或血液中的物质。Biomarkers may help improve early detection and may help patients undergo aggressive treatments before cancer progression.
01. Overview
Biomarkers, Blood Tests and Diagnosing Mesothelioma
Biomarkers are measurable substances in the body that can suggest that a patient has a certain disease or condition like恶性间皮瘤万博专业版。癌细胞使用的养分比正常细胞更快，这可能导致血液中过多的副产品。
Normal mesothelial cells produce a glycoprotein (sugar + protein molecule) called mesothelin. Malignant mesothelioma cells produce mesothelin as well, but in much higher quantities, in part due to faster growth rates. Various blood tests can show these byproducts and may be able to show that a patient has mesothelioma before tumors are recognized, promptingimaging scansor abiopsy。
02. Types of Blood Tests
Types of Mesothelioma Blood Tests and Biomarkers
Though blood tests cannotdiagnose mesotheliomaon their own, biomarkers continue to emerge that help show a patient may have mesothelioma or have been暴露于石棉, putting them at high risk for developing the cancer.
MESOMARK
Mesomark是一种血液测试，通过测试高水平的间皮素相关肽（SMRP），是血清和胸膜液中发现的间皮素的片段或变体。间皮瘤癌细胞以更高的量产生SMRP，尤其是在万博专业版胸膜间皮瘤万博专业版。SMRP levels also tend to be higher in individuals withstage 3 mesotheliomaorstage 4 mesothelioma, and as a result, the MESOMARK assay is more accurate in detecting those later stages of the disease. Overall, the sensitivity of the test ranges widely, from about 19 – 68%, making it insufficient to diagnose mesothelioma on its own.
HMGB1
HMGB1蛋白1(高机动组框)是一个新的er biomarker that has shown much promise in the early detection of mesothelioma. One study found that it was able to distinguish between mesothelioma patients, those exposed to asbestos but without mesothelioma and those with no history of asbestos exposure. HMGB1 has been used as a biomarker for other types of cancer including non-small cell lung cancer. It needs to be researched further for mesothelioma. Currently, it can act as a tool for identifyingmesothelioma risk factors。
N-ERC/Mesothelin Test
N-ERC/mesothelin is a fragment of the glycoprotein mesothelin and has shown a 95% sensitivity rate in research studies, which is extremely high, but not enough to allow for a diagnosis on its own. While this particular biomarker assay is promising, additional testing is required before it could be used widely for an accurate mesothelioma diagnosis. However, it can be used to determine what万博专业版间皮瘤治疗选择are working, as well as if the cancer has recurred after treatment.
骨桥
骨桥is another glycoprotein that is found at higher levels when patients have certain cancers. In 2005, Dr. Harvey Pass and a team of colleagues showed a correlation between the biomarker and mesothelioma. Although osteopontin levels may be a good indicator of whether a person is ill, it is poor at diagnosing mesothelioma specifically because increased levels may be due to other conditions like kidney stones, ischemic stroke and various inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. Many studies reference the Human Osteopontin ELISA Kit as one way to measure the protein’s presence.
Fibulin-3
Another glycoprotein produced by mesothelioma cells is fibulin-3. Like osteopontin, fibulin-3 has a high sensitivity level of 97%, but cannot be used on its own to diagnose mesothelioma. Studies have shown that a fibulin-3 test can be useful in helping doctors track cancer progression, as well as the effectiveness of treatment efforts.
萨默默
不管修改缓慢适配子(SOMAmer) prote来omic test is a type of blood test that measures for over 1,000 proteins, including many mesothelioma biomarkers. The library of proteins that this test measures is frequently expanding to find potential new biomarkers for the disease, and there is currently a panel of 13 mesothelioma biomarkers that can be detected. Case studies have shown that this test is accurate in around 90% of mesothelioma cases.
人MPF ELISA套件
The Human Megakaryocyte Potentiation Factory (MPF) Elisa Kit measures for the presence of megakaryocyte potentiation factor, which is a protein in the mesothelin gene. Case studies have shown that elevated MPF levels emerged in over 90% of late-stage mesothelioma patients and was not present in those without the disease. Physicians have also used the MPF blood test to monitor cancer progression throughout treatment, noting a drop in MPF levels when large amounts of cancer were removed during surgery. This test has also been used to help diagnose ovarian cancer and pancreatic cancer.
8ohdg
8ohdgis a biomarker that notes cellular damage, which occurs during cell mutation as cancer develops. Elevated 8OHdG levels have been linked toasbestosis还可以表明，患者已接触过石棉，这是唯一已知的恶性间皮瘤原因。万博专业版该生物标志物的主要缺点是它不能明确区分间皮瘤的人和没有中皮瘤的人。万博专业版
Resources for Mesothelioma Patients
Other Biomarkers & Blood Tests
New biomarkers and blood tests are constantly emerging that could aid in the early detection of mesothelioma,万博专业版间皮瘤症状and asbestos exposure risk, including those listed below.
- CA-125: The CA-125 blood test measures for cancer antigen 125. Elevated levels have been able to aid in the diagnosis ofperitoneal mesothelioma。
- IL-6：白介素6（IL-6）是免疫细胞产生的蛋白质。在免疫反应期间，IL-6水平将增加，这与恶性间皮瘤和相关症状有关。万博专业版
- EGFR：表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）是一种蛋白质，已被证明是在有石棉暴露史的患者中被激活的，这是间皮瘤发展的关键危险因素。万博专业版
- ER-β：雌激素受体-β（ER-β）通常在胸膜组织中发现，但预后较差的患者的水平升高。尽管ER-β无法区分有或没有间皮瘤的患者，但它可以帮助确定预后。万博专业版
- PDGF: The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in mesothelioma patients has been overexpressed in several studies, suggesting a correlation between PDGF and malignant pleural mesothelioma.
- VEGF-B：血管内皮生长因子β（VEGF-B）是由VEGF-B基因产生的蛋白质，可控制新血管的生长。升高的水平与恶性有关胸膜腔积液，有可能有助于诊断胸皮瘤。万博专业版
03.血液检查后的诊断
血液检查后诊断
生物标志物测试可以帮助区分患有间皮瘤的患者和那些没有癌症的患者，同时还可以帮助鉴定诸如石棉暴露等疾病的潜在危险因素。万博专业版尽管活检是确定诊断恶性间皮瘤的唯一方法，但血液检查可以表明存在间皮瘤癌症，鼓励X射线和CT扫描等成像测试以识别潜在的肿瘤和活检以帮助早万博专业版期发现。对于间皮万博专业版瘤患者，早期发现是改善的最佳方法prognosis。
