01.什么是乳头状间皮瘤？万博专业版
What Is Papillary Mesothelioma?
乳头状间皮瘤是罕见的万博专业版亚型上皮间皮瘤万博专业版。It is often referred to as well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma (WDPM).
Papillary mesothelioma can occur in the linings of the abdomen (peritoneum), lungs (pleura) and testicles (tunica vaginalis).
Characteristics of papillary mesothelioma include:
- Cell pattern:WDPM cells can be round or oval. The cells form finger-like projections called papillae.
- Cell growth:WDPM细胞生长缓慢且显微镜。这种增长模式将上皮间皮瘤与万博专业版恶性肉瘤性间皮瘤万博专业版。In contrast, sarcomatoid cells exhibit aggressive behavior and rapid growth.
- Tumor location:Papillary mesothelioma affects cells in the linings of internal organs.
- Patient demographic:WDPM is most common in young women, especially those with a history of endometriosis and ovarian cancer.
- 独特的钙化：In rare cases, papillary cancers may form psammoma bodies. Psammoma bodies are areas of calcification within the tumor.
鉴定肿瘤细胞特征可以帮助区分乳头状间皮瘤与其他万博专业版万博专业版subtypes.
Is Papillary Mesothelioma Benign?
Papillary mesothelioma is typically benign.
一些研究人员报告说，WDPM多年来变得恶性。但是，其他人得出结论，WDPM并不是恶性间皮瘤的先驱。万博专业版相互矛盾的信息可能是由于最初对恶性间皮瘤作为WDPM的误诊。万博专业版
Due to the disease’s benign nature, WDPM is not prone to recurrence after treatment. Patients often experience no symptoms and live many years with this condition.
02. Papillary Mesothelioma & Asbestos
Well-Differentiated Papillary Mesothelioma and Asbestos
乳头状间皮瘤已与万博专业版asbestos exposure。In areview of 24 pleural WDPM cases, half of the patients had confirmed occupational asbestos exposure.
已发表的乳头状间皮瘤病例很少见。万博专业版该疾病容易误诊或完全无法诊断。这些因素使情况难以研究。
石棉曝光本身也很难追踪。职业石棉暴露is the most commoncause of mesothelioma。However, individuals may be exposed athome,schooland many other locations.
Due to this lack of data, it is difficult to measure the prevalence of papillary mesothelioma in asbestos-exposed individuals.
03.乳头状间皮瘤症状万博专业版
Symptoms of Papillary Mesothelioma
The majority of patients diagnosed with papillary mesothelioma show no symptoms.
OneMD安德森癌症中心研究reviewed 26 female papillary mesothelioma patients. In this study, only two patients presented symptoms. However, any reported symptoms can help physicians reach an accurate diagnosis.
04. Diagnosing Papillary Mesothelioma
诊断高分化乳头状Mesothelioma
Papillary万博专业版间皮瘤诊断通常在其他程序中偶然发生。
但是，可以通过几种方式发现分诊良好的间皮瘤，包括：万博专业版
- Imaging scans:X-rays and CT scans may be able to identify WDPM tumors
- Biopsy:Several types of biopsies may diagnose WDPM. These include laparoscopic biopsy, open lung biopsy and thoracoscopic pleural biopsy
- Histology:The study of microscopic tissue structure
- Immunohistochemistry:此过程使用可见的污渍来识别独特的细胞蛋白
These methods may be combined to confirm a diagnosis. However, biopsies are the only way to definitively diagnose papillary mesothelioma. A biopsy can characterize tumor cells, includingmesothelioma typeandstage。活检对于鉴别诊断和预防癌症误诊至关重要。
Due to its rarity, papillary mesothelioma is prone to misdiagnosis.
为了防止误诊，医生还将观察到症状和常见的同时发生疾病。
Conditions associated with papillary mesothelioma include:
- 结直肠癌
- Ovarian cancer
- 子宫内膜异位症
在少数患者中，已经观察到了与WDPM结合的条件的存在。没有足够的数据来视为“风险因素”。但是，他们可能会帮助医生正确诊断乳头状间皮瘤。万博专业版
准确的诊断对于确保正确治疗该疾病很重要。
05. Papillary Mesothelioma Prognosis
What Is the Prognosis for Papillary Mesothelioma?
WDPM is typically benign and has a very favorable万博专业版间皮瘤预后。
In theMD Anderson Cancer Centerstudy of 26 papillary mesothelioma patients:
- 22幸存而没有复发
- 1 patient experienced recurrence of WDPM after four years
- 3 patients died of other causes
Papillary mesothelioma has a low malignant potential. However, because research on WDPM is limited, long-term follow-ups and monitoring are recommended.
06. Papillary Mesothelioma Treatment
How Is Papillary Mesothelioma Treated?
良性WDPM并不总是需要治疗。但是，乳头状间皮瘤的治疗选择可能包括：万博专业版
- Surgical removal of the tumor
- 细胞还原手术（CRS）
- 超热状况腹腔内chemotherapy (HIPEC)
- Early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC)
- 免疫疗法
- Radiation
- Multimodal treatment
- 胸膜外肺切除术
分化良好的乳头状间皮瘤的治疗取决于恶性肿瘤。万博专业版良性间皮瘤肿瘤万博专业版通常通过完整的手术切除去除。
Ultimately, more research is needed for a standard treatment plan for papillary mesothelioma. Patients should seek professional medical advice to establish an个性化间皮瘤治疗计划万博专业版。
*Image Attribution:Nephron,CC BY-SA 3.0，通过Wikimedia Commons
