01. Shipyard History
History
The 650-acre Puget Sound Naval Shipyard is located in Bremerton, Washington, along the Puget Sound. Established in 1891, the shipyard is still in operation today as the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard & Intermediate Maintenance Facility.
普吉特海军海军造船厂已经建造，维修，维修，大修，现代化，退役，并通过两次世界大战以及包括朝鲜战争在内的其他一些冲突进行了数千艘船和潜艇。就业的高峰是在1945年，当时海湾海军造船厂的劳动力为32,500，海军场每天24小时开放。1990年，美国海军授权了一项计划，以回收普吉特海军海军造船厂的核动力船。
今天,海军造船厂在普吉特海湾国家al Register of Historic Places as a National Historic Landmark District. The shipyard is responsible for overhaul, maintenance, modernization, repair, docking and decommissioning of ships and submarines and technical and logistics support.
Puget Sound Naval Shipyard History At-a-Glance
- Other Names:Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility, PSNS&IMF, Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Complex, PSNS, Navy Yard Puget Sound
- Location:Located in Bremerton, Washington, along the Sinclair Inlet on Puget Sound, about 15 miles west of Seattle
- Owner(s):Federal government, City of Bremerton
- Years of Operation:1891 – Present
- Wartime Operations: World War I (WWI), World War II (WWII) and the Korean War
- Number of Employees:1945年的32,500名工人
- Size of Shipyard:650 acres
- Noteworthy Ships:USS Kitty Hawk, USS Constellation, USS Enterprise
- 值得注意的人员：Lt. Ambrose Wyckoff, Captain William Turnbull Burwell
- Types of Ships Built/Serviced:Subchasers, submarines, minesweepers, guided-missile frigates, aircraft carriers, battleships, destroyers
Many workers at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard were potentially exposed to asbestos. Workers’ loved ones may have also experiencedsecondhand exposure。结果，许多人患有与石棉有关的疾病，例如asbestosis,asbestos lung cancerandpleuralandperitoneal mesothelioma。People who developed an asbestos-related disease may beeligible for compensation。
Notable Ships Built and Repaired
For more than a century, Puget Sound Naval Shipyard has built, overhauled, repaired and provided maintenance to U.S. Naval ships. Some notable ships to have passed through for overhauls include the aircraft carriers, USS Constellation and USS Kitty Hawk.
USS Constellation
1957年在布鲁克林海军院子里，航空母舰USS Contellation在布鲁克林海军院子铺设。在1964年至1972年之间，她在1974年和1983年在Puget Sound Naval Shocyard度过了六次战斗部署到越南。
1981年，罗纳德·W·里根（Ronald W. Reagan）总统宣布“美国的旗舰”，阿拉伯海湾，印度洋，日本和韩国还有更多部署。她的最后部署是在9/11对美国的袭击后支持持久自由行动。她于2003年退役。
Asbestos was used in shipbuilding and overhauls during much of USS Constellation’s lifetime. Workers and crewmembers who worked aboard her are at risk of developing mesothelioma.
USS Kitty Hawk
凯蒂·霍克（Kitty Hawk）号航空母舰是1956年由纽约造船公司（New York Shipbuilding Corp.）裁定的航空母舰。她的第一次主要战时努力是在1964年发生的越南战争。1965年，该航空公司在普吉特海军海军造船厂进行了1400万美元的大修。1965年，沃尔特·迪斯尼电影Lt. Robin Crusoe, USN, was filmed on board the ship. She returned to Vietnam for several more deployments between 1965 and 1972.
USS Kitty Hawk was once again back at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard for an overhaul in 1982. In 1992, USS Kitty Hawk was part of Joint Task Force Somalia for Operation Restore Hope, a humanitarian relief operation for the people of Somalia. In 1994, a portion of the movie,清除危险, was filmed on the ship. In September 2001, she joined Operation Enduring Freedom after the 9/11 attacks, and in 2003, Operation Iraqi Freedom. USS Kitty Hawk was decommissioned in 2009 at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard.
USS Kitty Hawk was a very active and famous ship. With asbestos being used in shipbuilding and overhauls from the time she was built to the time of her last overhaul in 1982, this put anyone on board at risk of developing asbestos-related diseases.
02.造船厂石棉使用
Asbestos Use at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard
Asbestos is highly heat resistant and durable. Thus, it was used in many aspects ofship construction。Shipbuilders usedasbestosto prevent fires and control the amount of heat released by heavy equipment.
Puget Sound Naval Shipyard has been very active since 1891. During many of these decades, asbestos use was very common. At Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, asbestos was used as insulation in walls, boilers, incinerators and around pipes. As a result, workers came in contact with many products that put them at risk ofasbestos-related diseases。
海湾声音海军造船厂的石棉暴露
Members of the U.S. military and civilians provided labor in shipyards and on ships. Asbestos was used in mostshipyards, including Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, and aboard most vessels from the 1930s to the 1980s. This likely exposure puts海军veteransat an increasedrisk of malignant mesothelioma cancer。
People who constructed or maintained subchasers,submarines,minesweepers,guided-missile frigates,aircraft carriers,battleships,destroyersand other ships during this time were likelyexposed to asbestos。These people often worked in space-constrained and poorly ventilated areas, which possibly allowed more asbestos fibers to remain in the work areas. For example, steamfitters faced asbestos exposure.
Starting in the 1980s, most newly manufactured products did not contain asbestos. However, anyone who continued working in the shipping industry risked exposure to asbestos. That exposure could occur through legacy asbestos materials. Many shipyard duties, including insulating the ship, maintaining boilers and installing pipes, exposed people to asbestos.
03. Asbestos Lawsuits
Asbestos Lawsuits and Settlements
People who worked on ships at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard are at risk of developing asbestos cancer or other related diseases. After a diagnosis, these shipyard workers have补偿选择。
Victims can be compensated by the companies that exposed them to asbestos. Their compensation options depend on the status of that company. Victims can work with a mesothelioma lawyer to secure payment from a lawsuit, settlement, trust fund and/or VA claim (or a combination of these types of claims).
Holding Asbestos Companies Responsible
Some asbestos product manufacturers remain in business today. This means these companies have not filed for bankruptcy and victims canfile lawsuits against the company。Lawsuits may result in compensation through verdicts or定居点。
For example, people were wrongfully exposed to asbestos at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard because of valves and pumps supplied from Weir Valves & Controls USA, Inc.
Schneider Electric Use，Inc。是另一家生产含石棉材料的可行公司。他们生产了用于造船超过90年的电气应用产品。
Victims have filed successful lawsuits against these companies.
04. Filing Asbestos Claims
Asbestos Company Trusts
Since the 2000s, more than 100 companies have filed bankruptcy after exposing people to asbestos and the resultant lawsuits. Many of theseasbestos companieshad to create信托基金to compensate current and future victims of asbestos-related diseases.
Asbestos was a commonoccupational hazardfor shipyard workers. If a shipyard worker developed an asbestos-related disease, that person can file a claim with that manufacturer’s trust.
Asbestos Company Trust Funds and Eligible Years of Employment
The following companies provided asbestos products to Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. After facing many asbestos lawsuits and exposing innocent people to asbestos, these companies filed for bankruptcy and created trusts to pay victims. If an individual worked at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and developed a disease such as mesothelioma, they may be able to file a claim against these companies’ trusts.
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| Asbestos Company Name | Eligibility Start Date | Eligibility End Date |
| AC&S Inc. | 6/10/1972 | 12/31/1982 |
| Babcock & Wilcox | 1/1/1902 | 12/31/1982 |
| Combustion Engineering | 12/31/1943 | 12/31/1982 |
| Fibreboard | 1/1/1941 | 12/31/1982 |
| Flexitallic | 1/1/1941 | 12/31/1982 |
| Halliburton | 9/29/1938 | 12/31/1982 |
| Keene Corp. | 1/1/1940 | 12/31/1982 |
| Narco | 1/1/1966 | 3/31/1973 |
| 欧文斯软木ning | 1/1/1941 | 12/31/1982 |
| Pittsburgh Corning | 1/1/1964 | 12/31/1982 |
| 植物绝缘 | 1/1/1948 | 12/31/1982 |
| Turner and Newall | 1/1/1950 | 12/31/1982 |
