01.概述
光动力疗法如何治疗间皮瘤万博专业版
Photodynamic therapy uses three non-toxic elements to create a cancer-killing effect. The therapy combines a photosensitizer, oxygen and specific wavelengths of light to eradicate cancer. Separately, these elements have no cancer killing abilities, but when the photosensitizer is activated by light, the medication turns triplet oxygen into singlet oxygen, an oxygen with much higher energy levels that enables it to kill cancer cells. Clinical trials have also shown that PDT can hinder cancer growth by damaging blood vessels, starving the tumors of the blood they need to grow. Researchers have noted that PDT can activate the immune system as well, allowing the body’s own cells to attack the cancer.
目前，有三个美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准了用于PDT的光敏剂。最常用的试剂是porfimer钠，以光蛋白出售。该药物已被批准用于治疗食道癌和非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC），尽管尚未批准万博专业版。Malignant mesothelioma patients can access photodynamic therapy through participation in临床试验。
The therapy is administered on an outpatient basis and begins with the patient receiving the photosensitizer in an IV. The medication is absorbed by both cancerous and healthy cells. The drug is not toxic when first administered and only gains the ability to cause cell death once activated with light. To mitigate cell death of healthy cells, the light treatment is typically not given until two to three days after the photosensitizing agent is administered. Normal cells metabolize the photosensitizer more quickly than mesothelioma cells. After three days, most healthy cells will no longer contain the photosensitizer, and the light will only cause cell death in the cancerous cells.
The photosensitizer is activated with a laser light through a fiber-optic glass strand, administered via bronchoscope (a tube reaching down the throat to the lungs). The laser is powerful enough to activate the medication, but does not cause any burning of surrounding healthy tissue. Length of light application varies depending on tumor size, but is typically between five and 40 minutes.
For malignant pleural mesothelioma patients, the light application is commonly done intraoperatively, after macroscopic complete resection (MCR) of the visible cancer. MCR is achieved through either an extrapleural pneumonectomy or radical pleurectomy. Using intraoperative photodynamic therapy after surgical treatment eradicates any microscopic cancer cells (invisible to the naked eye) left behind from surgery.
One study treating pleural mesothelioma patients with a multimodal treatment plan found success using PDT. The researchers found patients treated with a radical pleurectomy followed by PDT achieved a median overall survival of 31.7 months. Patients with epithelioid mesothelioma saw even better results, with a median overall survival of 41.2 months. Epithelioid cells are known to be the most responsive to treatment, which may explain the improved survival. The average life expectancy for pleural mesothelioma patients is just six months to one year following diagnosis, making these results promising for patients and their loved ones.
02。Eligibility
Eligibility for Mesothelioma Photodynamic Therapy
如果患者癌症处于后期，则可能没有资格进行间皮瘤PDT治疗万博专业版metastasized。The therapy is less effective in these patients because the light is a form of local therapy, and can only pass through tissue one centimeter wide. Without the ability for the light to pass through thick tissue, the treatment is ineffective for large tumors.
Additionally, because PDT is only available to mesothelioma patients through clinical trials, a patient must be accepted into a trial to receive the therapy. Clinical trial eligibility criteria varies, so patients should discuss their interest in participating in a PDT clinical trial with their doctor.
间皮瘤患者的资源万博专业版
03。Side Effects and Risks
Side Effects and Risks of Photodynamic Therapy
光动力疗法的副作用通常是温和的，因为将治疗分离为受间皮瘤影响的身体部分，并且没有累积毒性。万博专业版这意味着可以重复PDT而不会增加副作用的风险。最常见的副作用是光敏性和肿胀，这可能会导致呼吸困难。
医生指出，光敏感性需要最大的预防措施和重复护理。万博专业版治疗后30天，接受PDT治疗的间皮瘤患者将对光敏感。但是，一些患者在PDT三个月后报告了光敏感性。患者的医疗团队将能够更好地估计他们对光线敏感多长时间，具体取决于治疗的间皮瘤肿瘤的大小和治疗持续时间。万博专业版
在去医院接受治疗之前，家庭成员应确保涵盖所有窗户和天窗以准备患者返回。此外，患者应在治疗当天带上长袖衬衫，长裤，手套，太阳镜和宽阔的帽子。离开时，应佩戴这些物品以覆盖尽可能多的皮肤cancer center。
While light sensitivity may be an inconvenient side effect of PDT, the potential of an extended预期寿命一种nd improved quality of life may make the treatment option worthwhile. Patients should discuss the possibility of entering a PDT clinical trial with theirmesothelioma specialists确定它们是否符合条件。
