Brazil was the world’s third-largest source of chrysotile asbestos, until a Federal Supreme Court verdict banned the mineral in 2017. Despite the ban, recent reports state石棉exports continue in Brazil. Thousands of tons of asbestos have been transported through Brazil to neighboring countries and beyond.
石棉的危险数十年来一直众所周知。石棉暴露是唯一已知的原因万博专业版, a rare and aggressive cancer. More than 60 countries have禁止石棉，许多其他人正在实施法规以限制矿物的使用。尽管禁令和法规，在某些条件下，在世界各地的某些条件下，石棉使用仍然是合法的。
巴西石棉的危险运输
2017年巴西石棉禁令停止采矿，加工，分销和销售矿产。那些赞成继续使用石棉的人反对法规，同意停止在巴西内部使用石棉，但希望继续出口材料。2019年5月，州长罗纳尔多·凯亚多（Ronaldo Caiado）在巴西戈伊斯州提出了立法，批准了该州内部的石棉石棉开采和出口。
Although the Supreme Court is likely to repeal the legislation, advocates for a ban feel measures were wrongfully taken to evade the Federal Supreme Court ruling in 2017. Advocates argue that although asbestos isn’t being implemented into products in Brazil, it is being transported out of the state through areas where the carcinogen is illegal.
People who mine or transport石棉的脸暴露在危险的矿物。b这een a concern long before the ban. In June 2009, a carrier truck was found transporting white asbestos in torn packaging, which was damaged with wooden splinters that disturbed the carcinogen. Passersby, the truck employees and responders on the scene were put in danger.
Accidents have also occurred involving asbestos transport vehicles, putting other passengers and response teams at risk of exposure. For example, a truck carrying 26 tons of asbestos was involved in an accident on Anhanguera Highway in 2010.
Companies Responsible for Asbestos Transport
运输遭受抨击的公司包括Eternit，Sama和Rápido900 De TransportesRodoviáriosLtda。它们在石棉运输中的作用包括：
- Eternit:A construction material supplier that owns the last asbestos mine in Brazil
- 萨马：Eternit Group的成员和巴西石棉的唯一生产商
- Rápido900 de TransportesRodoviáriosltda：石棉矿石最大的国家载体之一
- Rodojúnior：Another popular transportation company responsible for asbestos transport
截至2019年12月，SAMA的目标是迅速挖掘和储备4,000吨的石棉以进行出口。2019年12月12日，发现Rápido900 De TransportesRodoviáriosLtda的八辆卡车被发现每辆载有26吨石棉。由于其生产力重大，SAMA还一直在雇用其他卡车公司将石棉从Minaçu转移到Port City的Belém。
The main route from Minaçu and Belém is around 1,022 miles. The lengthy route requires asbestos-carrying trucks to pass through states where asbestos is forbidden. As a result, authorities put restrictions in place at roads and ports to regulate Sama’s movement.
Sama’s transport of asbestos on federal roads is of particular concern to Fernanda Giannasi, who feels asbestos should be contained within its legal geographical boundaries. Giannasi is the Labour Inspector for the Ministry of Labour and the founding member of Associação Brasileira dos Expostos ao Amianto (ABREA), an association dedicated to asbestos-exposed workers in Brazil.
吉安纳西（Giannasi）担心萨玛（Sama）通过戈伊斯（Goiás）对石棉贸易构成了健康威胁。她指出，该公司的行动还违反了该国最高法院的判决。倡导者已经帮助了3500名巴西工人档案石棉诉讼后果occupational exposure.
巴西石棉贸易的风险
关于巴西的石棉暴露和间皮瘤的研究很少。万博专业版研究研究了死亡率from tracheal, bronchial and lung cancers. Of 1.8 million lung cancer deaths in 2018, just more than 72,000 were recorded in South America and the Caribbean. The Brazilian National Cancer Institute reported 27,000 deaths in 2016.
巴西参与石棉石棉的生产被认为是该国与癌症相关死亡的主要原因。同样，从巴西进口石棉的亚洲国家显示出高死亡率石棉相关的癌症.
Countries receiving exports of asbestos from Brazil have also addressed asbestos health concerns and taken legal action. Delegates from Japan, India and Indonesia began the亚洲禁令石棉任务在2019年。代表们认为，如果该材料在巴西不安全使用，那么在其他国家 /地区使用它并不安全。直接从萨马发送到印度的石棉被标记为警告。但是，警告的语言是处理石棉的人的陌生语言，使它们面临不理解含义的进一步风险狗万10万提款 .
随着其他国家承认的会计的危险stos use, Brazil’s exports are likely to come under further scrutiny. Even when asbestos bans are enacted, specific uses and exports may still be permitted. Advocates continue to fight for a worldwide ban, hoping to put an end to health risks associated with the mineral.
