01. Shipyard History
历史
布朗造船厂于1941年至2004年位于德克萨斯州休斯敦。布朗造船厂成立为工程和建筑公司Brown＆Root的子公司。该船厂的成立是为了为第二次世界大战（第二次世界大战）建造船只。
第二次世界大战期间，棕色造船业雇用了25,000多名工人，并建造了约350艘船。许多船是潜艇追逐者，驱逐舰的护送和两栖攻击工艺。
After WWII, the yard was sold to Todd Houston Shipbuilding Company, which ran it until 1985. It was bought back by Brown & Root, which managed it as a barge and large vessel repair yard until 2004. The shipyard was then broken up and sold to various companies.
棕色的造船历史
- Other Names:Brown & Root
- Location:德克萨斯州休斯敦的格林斯·巴尤（Greens Bayou）和休斯敦船频道的交界处
- Owner(s):George and Herman Brown, Brown & Root
- Years of Operation:1941 – 2004
- Wartime Operations:World War II (WWII)
- Number of Employees:25,000 during WWII
- 值得注意的船：斯图尔特号号航空母舰，霍华德·D·克劳（USS Howard D.罗伯特·凯勒（Robert F. Keller）
- Types of Ships Built/Serviced:Submarine chasers, destroyer escorts, amphibious assault crafts
Many workers at Brown Shipbuilding were potentially exposed to asbestos. Workers’ loved ones may have also experienced二手曝光。因此,许多人开发eloped asbestos-related diseases, such as石棉is,石棉肺癌,pleural mesothelioma和腹膜间皮瘤万博专业版。患有石棉相关疾病的人可能是eligible for compensation。
不table Ships Built and Repaired
Approximately 350 ships were built at Brown Shipbuilding during WWII. Many of these ships remained active after the war. Some notable ships included the USS Robert F. Keller and the destroyer escort, USS LeRay Wilson.
USS Robert F. Keller
罗伯特·F·凯勒（Robert F. Keller）于1944年由布朗造船厂（Brown Shipbuilding）奠定了。这艘船于1945年参加了硫磺岛（Iwo Jima）和冲绳（Okinawa）的一部分。第二次世界大战后，她被分配给她Puget Sound Naval Shipyardas part of the Navy’s Reserve training program.
In 1950, the ship was moved to Washington, D.C., to continue participating in training activities. By 1955, the USS Robert F. Keller had trained more than 3,500 sailors.
During the Berlin Crisis of 1961, the USS Robert F. Keller was briefly recommissioned. The ship returned to training until officially being decommissioned in 1965.
The asbestos used on board the USS Robert F. Keller has put thousands of crew members, workers and trainees at risk of developing asbestos-related diseases.
SS LeRay Wilson
The destroyer escort, USS LeRay Wilson, was laid down by Brown Shipbuilding in 1943. She immediately launched into WWII as part of the Pacific Fleet.
她在与日本和活跃的斗争part of the capture and occupation of Okinawa. The USS LeRay Wilson was also in Tokyo Bay for the Japanese surrender.
勒雷·威尔逊号号航空母舰于1947年退役。海军于1951年为朝鲜战争提供了船。未利用战争，她在1959年退役并进入太平洋储备机队之前，在远东地区进行了维持和平任务。
在Leray Wilson US建造和送达时，石棉被大量用于造船。在船上工作或在船上工作的任何人都有可能患上间皮瘤的风险。万博专业版
02. Shipyard Asbestos Use
棕色造船厂的石棉使用
Asbestos is highly heat resistant and durable. Thus, it was used in many aspects of船舶建设。造船者使用了石棉防止火灾并控制重型设备释放的热量。
Brown Shipbuilding was very active during WWII. During this time, asbestos use was very common. At Brown Shipbuilding, asbestos was used as insulation in walls, boilers, incinerators and around pipes. As a result, workers came in contact with many products that put them at risk of石棉相关疾病。
石棉暴露at Brown Shipbuilding
造船厂由军事人员和平民组成。因为在造船厂中使用石棉是如此普遍，所以veterans of the U.S. Navy经常暴露。但是，从1930年代到1980年代在布朗造船业工作的任何人都有很高的曝光风险，并且可能发展恶性间皮瘤癌万博专业版。
Anyone who serviced submarine chasers, destroyer escorts, amphibious assault crafts or other ships at Brown Shipbuilding faced a similar risk. Frequent use and a lack of ventilation on ships made石棉暴露commonplace. For example, construction and maintenance workers were exposed when working in boiler rooms.
即使在今天，人们在旧船上工作时也可以接触石棉。可以在1980年代之前建造的船舶维护或退役期间暴露工人。各种职责，例如更换管道或修理旧锅炉，可以使工人暴露于石棉上。
03. Asbestos Lawsuits
Asbestos Lawsuits and Settlements
在棕色造船厂工作的人有患石棉癌或其他相关疾病的风险。诊断后，这些造船厂工人有compensation options。
Victims can be compensated by the companies that exposed them to asbestos. Their compensation options depend on the status of that company. Victims can work with amesothelioma lawyerto secure payment from a lawsuit, settlement, trust fund and/orVA claim(or a combination of these types of claims).
Holding Asbestos Companies Responsible
一些生产石棉的公司仍在运营，尚未申请破产。个人仍然可以file asbestos lawsuitsagainst such companies. Asbestos lawsuits can result in verdicts or定居点。
Uniroyal Holding, Inc.制造石棉-containing products, including insulation, that were used at Brown Shipbuilding. People who worked with these products were wrongfully exposed to asbestos.
Another example of a viable company isCrown, Cork & Seal Company。1963年，Crown，Cork＆Seal Company购买了Mundet，该公司制造了含有石棉的软木瓶盖和绝缘材料。这种绝缘材料用于造船厂，裸露的工人和船员，用于与间皮瘤等石棉相关疾病。万博专业版
Several victims have filed successful lawsuits against these asbestos companies.
04. Filing Asbestos Claims
Asbestos Company Trusts
Wrongful asbestos exposure and the resulting lawsuits have contributed to more than 100 companies filing for bankruptcy in the last 20 years. As part of the bankruptcy process, many石棉公司created trust funds.石棉信托基金为石棉相关条件的当前和未来受害者提供赔偿。
As part of their job duties, many shipyard employees came into contact with asbestos. Shipyard workers who developed an asbestos-related disease are eligible to file a claim with the product manufacturer’s trust.
Asbestos Company Trust Funds and Eligible Years of Employment
The following companies provided asbestos products to Brown Shipbuilding. After facing many asbestos lawsuits and exposing innocent people to asbestos, these companies filed for bankruptcy and created trusts to pay victims. If an individual worked at Brown Shipbuilding and developed a disease, such as mesothelioma, they may be able to file a claim against these companies’ trusts.
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| Asbestos Company Name | 资格开始日期 | 资格结束日期 |
| Babcock＆Wilcox | 1945年4月1日 | 12/31/1982 |
| 燃烧工程 | 1/1/1964 | 12/31/1982 |
| Fibreboard | 1/1/1941 | 12/31/1982 |
| J.T. Thorpe Successor Trust | 1/1/1956 | 12/31/1982 |
| 基恩公司 | 1/1/1968 | 12/31/1982 |
| 纳尔科 | 1/1/1956 | 1980年3月31日 |
